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1.
Angiol. (Barcelona) ; 70(6): 222-229, nov.-dic. 2018. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-177989

RESUMO

Introducción: Nuestro objetivo es medir la incidencia del síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica (SIRS) y la liberación de citoquinas en pacientes intervenidos de cirugía abierta de aorta abdominal con medidas perioperatorias fast-track en comparación con las convencionales. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo aleatorizado unicéntrico de octubre de 2015 a noviembre de 2017. Incluimos pacientes consecutivos intervenidos de cirugía abierta de aorta abdominal. Establecimos un grupo fast-track (GFT) y un grupo convencional (GC). El manejo fast-track consistió en: ingesta de bebida carbohidratada 2 h preoperatorias, analgesia con elastómero preperitoneal, movilización y dieta temprana. Registramos variables demográficas y perioperatorias, concentraciones de citoquinas séricas (TNFalfa, IL-1Beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 e IL-12p70) basales, a las 8, 24 y 48 h postoperatorias, incidencia de SIRS en las primeras 72 h postoperatorias y complicaciones en el ingreso. Resultados: Se incluyeron 49 pacientes (GFT: 26, GC: 23) con edad media de 67,8 ± 8,6 años, 91,8% hombres. Ambos grupos fueron comparables en variables demográficas y perioperatorias, excepto en índice de masa corporal (GFT: 25,67 ± 3,07 vs. GC: 29,29 ± 4,66 [p=0,008]) y tiempo de clampaje (FT:52,4 ± 12,63 vs. GC: 63,91 ± 14,34 min [p=0,005]). La incidencia de SIRS en GFT vs. GC fue 38,5% vs. 45,5%, 38,5% vs. 45,5%, 23,1% vs. 26,1%, 15,4% vs. 19% (p > 0,05) a las 8, 24, 48 y 72 h postoperatorias respectivamente. Evidenciamos una mayor liberación de IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 y TNFalfa en GC en comparación con GFT. A las 8 h, IL-6 alcanzó un aumento estadísticamente significativo respecto al valor basal en GC (p = 0,045). A las 24h, la IL-10 aumentó respecto al valor inicial, siendo estadísticamente más elevada en GC en comparación con GFT (p = 0,024). En GC 6/23 (26,1%) presentaron insuficiencia renal aguda y en GFT 1/26 (3,8%) (p = 0,041). Conclusiones: La CA de aorta abdominal implica una elevada incidencia de SIRS. Aunque IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 y TNFalfa aumentan después de la cirugía en ambos grupos, el manejo perioperatorio fast-track pareció modular solo la liberación de IL-6 e IL-10. Necesitamos más estudios para valorar las citoquinas como biomarcadores de pronóstico


Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and cytokines release in patients after open abdominal aortic surgery with fast-track compared to those with conventional peri-operative management. Material and methods A prospective, single centre, randomised study was conducted from October 2015-November 2017 that included consecutive patients undergoing open abdominal aortic surgery. Two groups were established: fast-track group (GFT) and conventional group (GC) depending on the peri-operative management. GFT peri-operative management consisted of: a carbohydrate drink 2hours before surgery, analgesia using pre-peritoneal elastomer, mobilisation, and early diet. The main demographic and perioperative variables were collected, and the levels of serum cytokines (TNFalfa, IL-1Beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-12p70) were analysed at baseline, 8, 24, and 48 hours, post-operatively. The SIRS incidence was recorded in the first 72hours after surgery, as well as the mortality and complications rate during admission. Results: A total of 49 patients were included (GFT: 26, GC: 23) with a mean age of 67.8±8.6 years, of whom 91.8% were men. Both groups were comparable in demographic and perioperative variables, except in terms of the pre-operative body mass index: GFT: 25.67±3.07 vs. GC: 29.29 ± 4.66 (P=.008) and total clamping time: GFT: 52.4±12.63 vs. GC: 63.91 ± 14.34 min (P=.005). The incidence of SIRS in GFT vs. GC was 38.5% vs. 45.5%, 38.5% vs. 45.5%, 23.1% vs. 26.1%, 15.4% vs. 19% (P>.05) at 8, 24, 48, and 72 h postoperatively, respectively. As regards serum cytokines, a higher release of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNFα in GC was observed compared to GFT. At 8 h, IL-6 reached a statistically significant increase compared to baseline in GC (P = .045). At 24h, the IL-10 increased compared to the baseline, and was statistically higher in GC compared to GFT (P =.024). Acute renal failure was observed in the GC (6/23, 26.1%) and 1/26 (3.8%) in GFT (P = .041). Conclusions: Open abdominal aortic surgery showed a high incidence of SIRS. Although IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNFalfa serum increased after open abdominal aortic surgery in both groups, fast-track peri-operative management seemed to modulate only IL-6 and IL-10 release. More studies are required to evaluate cytokines as biomarkers to measure outcome


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Citocinas , Aorta Abdominal/cirurgia , Síndrome de Resposta Inflamatória Sistêmica/epidemiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Índice de Massa Corporal , Biomarcadores
2.
Angiología ; 68(6): 465-470, nov.-dic. 2016. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-157709

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: La implantación de las medidas fast track (FT) en la reparación abierta (RA) de aneurismas de aorta abdominal (AAA) no está convenientemente evaluada en nuestro medio. OBJETIVO: Queremos valorar el impacto de la instauración de medidas FT en nuestros pacientes. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo aleatorizado (grupo control, grupo FT) de pacientes consecutivos intervenidos de manera electiva de AAA >55 mm infrarrenal por vía retroperitoneal mediante injerto recto. En el grupo FT se instauran medidas de optimización perioperatorias: ausencia de preparación intestinal, reducción del ayuno preoperatorio, administración de bebida carbohidratada 2 h antes de la intervención, control del dolor con elastómero preperitoneal, movilización y dieta precoces. Hemos comparado las variables postoperatorias: síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica (SIRS) postoperatorio, necesidad de transfusión, estancia en reanimación, días de ingreso y reintervenciones. RESULTADOS: De julio de 2011 a enero de 2014 se ha incluido a 38 pacientes (edad 68 años DE = 6,28; 97,4% hombres), 24 pacientes en grupo control y 14 en el grupo FT. La media de días de ingreso (6,17 vs. 4,64 en grupo FT) y de transfusiones son menores en el grupo FT (p < 0,05). La estancia en reanimación y las reintervenciones son menores en el grupo FT, aunque sin significación estadística. La incidencia de SIRS tras 48 h desde la intervención en el grupo FT fue 21,4% y del 54,16% en el grupo control (RR = 0,38; IC 95%: 0,15-0,61). CONCLUSIONES: Las medidas de optimización tipo FT podrían disminuir la incidencia de SIRS y reducir la estancia hospitalaria de los pacientes intervenidos de AAA


INTRODUCTION: Implementation of fast track (FT) measures for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) open repair (OR) has not been sufficiently evaluated in our area. OBJECTIVE: The impact of implementing FT measures in our patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective, randomised study (control and FT groups) was designed and conducted on patients with an infrarenal AAA >55 mm between July 2011 and January 2014 undergoing elective OR by retroperitoneal approach using straight graft interposition were included. The following perioperative optimisation measures were established in the FT group: No bowel preparation, reduced pre-operative fasting, administration of carbohydrate drink up to 2 h before surgery, pain control with pre-peritoneal elastomer, early onset of mobilisation and diet. A comparison was made of the postoperative variables: Postoperative systematic immune response syndrome (SIRS), need for transfusion, stay in resuscitation, hospital stay, and further interventions. RESULTS: A total of 38 patients were included, with a mean age of 68 years (SD = 6.28), of which 97.4% were men. There were 24 patients in control group and 14 in FT group. No statistically significant differences (NSSD) were found in comorbidities of both groups. Mean hospital stay was 6.17 vs. 4.64 days in the FT group, and transfusions were lower in the FT group, with statistically significant differences. Stay in resuscitation unit and re-interventions were also lower in FT group, although NSSD. The incidence of SIRS 48 h after surgery in FT group was 21.4% compared to 54.16% in control group (RR = 0.38, 95% CI; 0.15 - 0.61). CONCLUSIONS: The FT optimisation measures may reduce the incidence of SIRS, and reduce hospital stay in patients undergoing open repair of AAA


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/complicações , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/patologia , Substituição da Valva Aórtica Transcateter/métodos , Medição da Dor/métodos , Anestesia/métodos , Isquemia Miocárdica/sangue , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/congênito , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/metabolismo , Substituição da Valva Aórtica Transcateter/instrumentação , Medição da Dor , Anestesia/classificação , Isquemia Miocárdica/patologia
3.
Angiología ; 68(2): 104-111, mar.-abr. 2016. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-148295

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: El incremento del uso de la cirugía endovascular en el tratamiento del aneurisma de aorta abdominal (AAA) puede haber modificado el perfil de los pacientes que son tratados mediante cirugía abierta (CA) y sus resultados. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la evolución, las características clínicas y anatómicas de los pacientes tratados mediante CA electiva de AAA en los últimos años en nuestro servicio y su relación con los resultados postoperatorios. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo de pacientes tratados mediante CA electiva de AAA entre 2008 y 2014 con TAC preoperatoria disponible. Registramos: datos demográficos (edad, sexo), comorbilidad (cardíaca, respiratoria, renal), medicación preoperatoria, características anatómicas (diámetro, longitud, calcificación, trombo y angulación del cuello aórtico proximal) y parámetros analíticos. Definimos cuello aórtico proximal hostil como: <10 mm de longitud o >50% de la circunferencia de trombo o >50% calcificación o angulación infrarrenal >60°. Registramos: mortalidad, complicaciones, reintervenciones y reingresos. Dividimos la muestra en 2 periodos: 1 (2008-2011) y 2 (2012-2014). RESULTADOS: Incluimos a 107 pacientes con edad media de 69,26 años (DE = 6,239). El tiempo medio de seguimiento fue 28,39 meses (DE = 23,13) con una supervivencia del 78,6% (n = 92) a los 64 meses. En el periodo 2 aumentó la incidencia de cuello hostil (45,2 vs. 64,6%; p < 0,05) y la calcificación >50% en el cuello aórtico (8,1 vs. 24,1%; p < 0,05). También en el periodo 2 se requirió un mayor número de transfusiones sanguíneas (26,2 vs. 56,9%; p < 0,05) pero se produjeron menos complicaciones cardiológicas en los 30 primeros días (16,7 vs. 4,6%; p < 0,05). Las tasas de mortalidad, reintervención y reingreso fueron similares en ambos periodos (p > 0,05). CONCLUSIÓN: En nuestra serie los pacientes tratados mediante CA de AAA presentan características anatómicas progresivamente menos favorables, sin que ello se acompañe de una mayor morbimortalidad postoperatoria


INTRODUCTION: The increasing use of endovascular repair in the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) may have modified the profile of patients undergoing open repair (OR), as well as the results. OBJECTIVE: The aim is to evaluate the clinical and anatomical characteristics of patients with AAA undergoing elective OR in our department over the last few years, and their relationship with the post-operative results. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on patients undergoing elective AAA OR between 2008 and 2014 and who had a pre-operative computed tomography (CT) scan available. The following variables were recorded: Demographics (age, gender), comorbidities (cardiac, respiratory, renal), pre-operative medication, anatomical characteristics (proximal neck diameter, length, calcification, thrombus, and angulation), and blood test parameters. A hostile proximal infrarenal aortic neck was defined as: <10 mm length and/or >50% circumference thrombus and/or >50% calcification and/or >60° angulation. The mortality, complications, re-interventions and re-admissions were recorded. The sample was divided into 2 periods: 1 (2008-2011) and 2 (2012-2014). RESULTS: A total of 107 patients were included, with mean age of 69.26 years (SD = 6.239). Mean follow-up was 28.39 months (SD = 23.13), with a survival rate of 78.6% (n = 12) at 64 months. It was found that there was a greater incidence of hostile neck (45.2 vs. 64.6%; P<.05) and proximal neck calcification >50% (8.1 vs. 24.1%; P<.05) in the second period of time. During period 2 a greater number of blood transfusions were required (26.2 vs. 56.9%; P<.05), but fewer cardiac complications were recorded during the first 30 days post-surgery (16.7 vs. 4.6%; P<.05). The mortality, re-intervention, and re-admission rates were similar in both periods (P>.05). CONCLUSION: In our series, the patients with AAA who underwent elective OR showed increasingly less favourable anatomical characteristics, but this does not lead to increased postoperative morbidity and mortality


Assuntos
Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/cirurgia , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal , Procedimentos Endovasculares/métodos , Procedimentos Endovasculares/tendências , Procedimentos Endovasculares/instrumentação , Procedimentos Endovasculares/normas , Avaliação de Resultado de Intervenções Terapêuticas/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Comorbidade , Indicadores de Morbimortalidade
5.
Angiología ; 63(6): 243-249, nov.-dic. 2011. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-97914

RESUMO

Con el descenso en morbimortalidad por la introducción del tratamiento antirretroviral combinado de gran actividad (TARGA), la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) se ha convertido en una «afectación crónica». Patologías como la aterosclerosis arterial han aumentado su protagonismo entre estos pacientes. Hay evidencia de que los pacientes infectados por el VIH tienen una elevada prevalencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares que se atribuye a factores propios de la infección y de su tratamiento. Hemos querido realizar una revisión de la posible elevada prevalencia de enfermedad arterial periférica (EAP) en pacientes positivos para el VIH y de los distintos métodos utilizados para su diagnóstico. Hay pocos estudios para concluir, pero algunos muestran una mayor prevalencia de EAP en pacientes positivos para el VIH. Se han utilizado métodos de diagnóstico no invasivo como el índice tobillo-brazo (ITB) o el engrosamiento íntima-media (EIM) para el diagnóstico objetivo y el test de Edimburgo para la detección de pacientes sintomáticos(AU)


Thanks to the introduction of the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) the morbidity-mortality in HIV patients is now lower, and this infection has now become a «chronic disease». Diseases such as arterial atherosclerosis have increased in these patients. There is evidence that HIV infected patients have a high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. It may be related to the viral infection and its treatment. We attempt to review the possible high prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in HIV infected patients and the different diagnostic methods. Although there are not enough studies, some of them show a higher prevalence of PAD in HIV+ patients. The diagnostic methods were ankle-brachial index (ABI) and the intima-media thickness for the objective diagnosis and the Edinburgh test for the symptomatic patients(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Doença Arterial Periférica/complicações , Doença Arterial Periférica/diagnóstico , Arteriosclerose/complicações , Arteriosclerose/diagnóstico , /instrumentação , /métodos , Doenças Cardiovasculares/complicações , Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , Doença Arterial Periférica/fisiopatologia , Doença Arterial Periférica , Arteriosclerose Obliterante/complicações , Arteriosclerose Obliterante/fisiopatologia
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